The Great Awakening

Extraordinary Awakening resuscitated and changed religion by making another seriously enthusiastic way to deal with Church lessons. New Light ministers added a genuinely necessary Jolt to this strict droop of exhausting and sub-par messages. They equaled, and filled in as genuine rivalry for the conventional â€Å"Old Light† educators. Be that as it may, was the Great Awakening a key commitment to the American Revolution? I can concur, be that as it may, the genuine answer Is Indecisive. Regardless of whether the â€Å"Awakening† did or didn't impact autonomy in America, this new rush of strict opportunity is with no uncertainty a significant milestone in history.Despite differing to this next sentiment, the â€Å"supposedly† ineffectual connection between the Great Awakening and the upset is upheld with substantial substance. As per a few, this strict contribution was only, as Jon Butler puts it, a â€Å"interpretative fiction†. This expresses the Great A wakening was a significant image with no legitimate reference; it had â€Å"more talk, and less substance†. Steward likewise contends that antiquarians took â€Å"revivals having little connection† and bound together them Into one major affair.When converging with the universe of governmental issues, Church pioneers neglected to spread religion as a result of inability to guard It. They never bolstered the Awakening with â€Å"factional alignments† (verifiable proof) and even neglected to show solid â€Å"discontent with the Imperial relationship†. Some insubordinate groups like Samuel Ward's and Stephen Hopkins in Rhode Island, and a few New York obstruction parties, were never connected to the Great Awakening. Resistance bunches against Britain were at that point built up without the assistance of a strict influence.The contentions that bolstered this â€Å"enlightenment† weren't persuading enough to impact such a revolt. All things considered, t he Great Awakening motivated another uninhibitedly free method of elisions and political speculation in British-America in any case. Ezra Stiles was an American priest who stressed over an inevitable imminent of strict opportunity In the provinces. This dread was a case of how such a strict development could without much of a stretch become a danger to the British. This opportunity likewise organizations and Inspires an Ideology of liberty.Led by Jonathan Edwards, George Whitfield, and the Tenets, these â€Å"New Light† evangelists sincerely Impacted the perspective on parishioners. Their dangerous creative translations of confidence to God and their blazing lessons changed religion for eternity. James Davenport was known for lecturing in the roads; gathering audience members to find out about an alternate way to deal with get God's kindness. Davenport â€Å"encouraged his devotees to cast away their fine clothes† and different resources to carry on with their life dep endent on God and not by material things.Because of the New Light's kindness for training, numerous renowned ivy-class schools were made from it as well. Their motivation on social, political, and instructive subjects denotes the intensity of strict impact. It was a critical occasion that unified the Americans to share something all together. This recently and to a great extent framed gathering formed how Americans saw society and religion to what It Is today. Indeed, even with all around upheld Information, negative perspectives towards the Great Awakening aren't as persuading as the intensity of God.Cods nearness of more significant position authority gave Americans trust that the British aren't sufficiently able to control over them for eternity. Conventional lessons of the now regarded as a reasonable, benevolent, amazing, and reasonable pioneer whom the individuals could gaze upward to. What was likewise realized under God was that all men were made are equivalent. America util izes this term as motivation for their partition thinking about that it was referenced in the â€Å"Declaration of Independence†. The balance of man and the equity of the Lord gave an open door for them to be sans free from English rule.As innocuous as the â€Å"building of more grounded faith† sounds, religion can motivate a transformation. The freshly discovered sentiment of pride for God and nation was a solid effect on America. They couldn't release that. They were beginning to feel progressively like a nation and â€Å"united† country. It was difficult to Juggle between their newly discovered strict and social convictions with Britain's as of now settled strict and social convictions. With the achievements of the Great Awakening, came the beginning of a detachment that will change history. The Great Awakening Extraordinary Awakening resuscitated and changed religion by making another strongly passionate way to deal with Church lessons. New Light ministers added a genuinely necessary Jolt to this strict droop of exhausting and unsuitable messages. They equaled, and filled in as genuine rivalry for the customary â€Å"Old Light† instructors. In any case, was the Great Awakening a key commitment to the American Revolution? I can concur, be that as it may, the genuine answer Is Indecisive. Regardless of whether the â€Å"Awakening† did or didn't impact autonomy in America, this new flood of strict opportunity is with no uncertainty a significant milestone in history.Despite differing to this next assessment, the â€Å"supposedly† ineffectual connection between the Great Awakening and the upheaval is upheld with substantial substance. As per a few, this strict association was just, as Jon Butler puts it, a â€Å"interpretative fiction†. This expresses the Great Awak ening was an important image with no legitimate reference; it had â€Å"more talk, and less substance†. Steward likewise contends that history specialists took â€Å"revivals having little connection† and bound together them Into one major affair.When converging with the universe of governmental issues, Church pioneers neglected to spread religion in light of inability to guard It. They never bolstered the Awakening with â€Å"factional alignments† (verifiable proof) and even neglected to show solid â€Å"discontent with the Imperial relationship†. Some insubordinate groups like Samuel Ward's and Stephen Hopkins in Rhode Island, and a few New York obstruction parties, were never connected to the Great Awakening. Rebellion bunches against Britain were at that point built up without the assistance of a strict influence.The contentions that bolstered this â€Å"enlightenment† weren't persuading enough to impact such a revolt. By the by, the Great Awak ening propelled another uninhibitedly autonomous method of elisions and political speculation in British-America in any case. Ezra Stiles was an American pastor who stressed over an inescapable anticipated of strict opportunity In the states. This dread was a case of how such a strict development could without much of a stretch become a danger to the British. This opportunity additionally organizations and Inspires an Ideology of liberty.Led by Jonathan Edwards, George Whitfield, and the Tenets, these â€Å"New Light† evangelists genuinely Impacted the perspective on parishioners. Their touchy imaginative translations of confidence to God and their red hot lessons changed religion until the end of time. James Davenport was known for lecturing in the lanes; gathering audience members to find out about an alternate way to deal with get God's kindness. Davenport â€Å"encouraged his supporters to cast away their fine clothes† and different assets to carry on with their li fe dependent on God and not by material things.Because of the New Light's kindness for training, numerous acclaimed ivy-class schools were made from it as well. Their motivation on social, political, and instructive subjects denotes the intensity of strict impact. It was a critical occasion that unified the Americans to share something all together. This recently and generally framed assemblage formed how Americans saw society and religion to what It Is today. Indeed, even with all around bolstered Information, negative perspectives towards the Great Awakening aren't as persuading as the intensity of God.Cods nearness of more significant position authority gave Americans trust that the British aren't sufficiently able to manage over them until the end of time. Customary lessons of the now regarded as a reasonable, forgiving, amazing, and reasonable pioneer whom the individuals could gaze upward to. What was additionally realized under God was that all men were made are equivalent. A merica utilizes this term as motivation for their partition thinking about that it was referenced in the â€Å"Declaration of Independence†. The uniformity of man and the equity of the Lord gave an open door for them to be sans free from English rule.As innocuous as the â€Å"building of more grounded faith† sounds, religion can motivate an insurgency. The newly discovered sentiment of pride for God and nation was a solid effect on America. They couldn't release that. They were beginning to feel progressively like a nation and â€Å"united† country. It was difficult to Juggle between their freshly discovered strict and social convictions with Britain's now settled strict and social convictions. With the achievements of the Great Awakening, came the beginning of a detachment that will change history.

The Adventure of Tom Sawyer Quotes

'The Adventure of Tom Sawyer' Quotes The Adventure of Tom Sawyer is a novel by Mark Twain (Samuel Clemens). The book is a Bildungsroman, following the advancement of a little fellow, as he encounters one experience after another. Imprint Twains work is told as an outsider looking in, thinking back with a feeling of sentimentality. Here are a couple of statements from The Adventure of Tom Sawyer. I aint performing my responsibility by that kid, and that is the Lords truth, goodness knows. Save the bar and spile the kid, as the Good Book says. Im a-laying up transgression and languishing over us both, I know. Hes brimming with the Old Scratch, however laws-a-me! hes my own dead sisters kid, poor thing, and I aint got the heart to lash him, some way or another. Each time I let him off, my inner voice hurts me in this way, and each time I hit him my old heart most breaks.- Mark Twain, The Adventure of Tom Sawyer, Ch 1He was not the Model Boy of the town. He knew the model kid very well thoughand detested him.- Mark Twain, The Adventures of Tom Sawyer, Ch 1Tom showed up on the walkway with a pail of whitewash and a since a long time ago took care of brush. He overviewed the fence, and all happiness left him and a profound despairing settled downward on his soul. Thirty yards of board fence nine feet high. Life to him appeared to be empty, and presence yet a weight.- Mark Twain,  The Adventures of Tom Sawyer, Ch 2He had found an incredible law of human activity, without knowing it - in particular, that so as to cause a man or a kid to desire a thing, it is just important to make the thing hard to get.- Mark Twain, The Adventures of Tom Sawyer, Ch 2 Work comprises of whatever a body is obliged to do, and. Play comprises of whatever a body isn't obliged to do.- Mark Twain, The Adventures of Tom Sawyer, Ch 2Tom was a sparkling saint again the pet of the old, the jealousy of the youthful. His name even went into eternal print, for the town paper amplified him. There were some that accepted he would be President, yet, on the off chance that he avoided hanging.- Mark Twain, The Adventure of Tom Sawyer, Ch 2Often, the less there is to legitimize a conventional custom, the harder it is to dispose of it.- Mark Twain, The Adventure of Tom Sawyer, Ch 5The clergyman gave out his content and rambled along tediously through a contention that was prosy to the point that numerous a head before long started to gesture - but it was a contention that managed in boundless fire and brimstone and diminished the fated choose down to an organization so little as to be not really worth the sparing.- Mark Twain, The Adventure of Tom Sawyer, Ch 5Hu ckleberry was cheerfully abhorred and feared by all the moms of the town since he was inert, and rebellious, and indecent, and awful - and in light of the fact that every one of their youngsters respected him in this way, and had a great time his illegal society, and wished they set out to resemble him.- Mark Twain, The Adventure of Tom Sawyer, Ch 6â You just barely tell a kid you wont ever have anyone yet him, ever, and afterward you kiss and there's nothing more to it. Anyone can do it.- Mark Twain, The Adventure of Tom Sawyer, Ch 7The versatile heart of youth can't be packed into each compelled shape long in turn.- Mark Twain, The Adventure of Tom Sawyer, Ch 8They said they would prefer to be outlaws a year in Sherwood Forest than President of the United States everlastingly.- Mark Twain, The Adventure of Tom Sawyer, Ch 8Five years back you drove me away from your dads kitchen one night, when I come to request something to eat, and you said I warnt there for any great; and when I swore Id settle the score with you in the event that it took a hundred years, your dad had me imprisoned for a transient. Did you think Id overlook? The Injun blood aint in me to no end. What's more, presently Ive got you, and you got the opportunity to settle, you know!- Mark Twain, The Adventure of Tom Sawyer, Ch 9Oh, they simply make some d omineering jerk memories - take ships, and consume them, and get the cash and cover it in terrible places in their island where theres apparitions and things to watch, it, and slaughter everyone in the boats - make em walk a board. they dont execute the ladies - theyre excessively honorable. Also, the womens consistently lovely, as well.- Mark Twain, The Adventure of Tom Sawyer, Ch 13 There was no avoiding the obstinate truth that taking sweetmeats was just snaring, while at the same time taking bacon and hams and such resources was plain straightforward taking - and there was an order against that in the Bible. So they internally settled that insofar as they stayed in the business, their robberies ought not again be tarnished with the wrongdoing of taking.- Mark Twain, The Adventure of Tom Sawyer, Ch 13Here was a stunning triumph; they were missed; they were grieved; hearts were breaking for them; tears were being shed; blaming recollections for unkindnesses to these poor lost chaps were ascending, and unavailing second thoughts and regret were being reveled: and the best part is that the withdrew were the discussion of the entire town, and the jealousy of the considerable number of young men, undoubtedly. This was fine. It merited being a privateer, all things considered.- Mark Twain, The Adventure of Tom Sawyer, Ch 14As the administration continued, the min ister drew such photos of the graces, the triumphant ways, and the uncommon guarantee of the lost chaps, that each spirit there, thinking he perceived these photos, felt an ache in recollecting that he had tenaciously blinded himself to them generally previously, and had as determinedly observed just blames and imperfections in the poor young men.- Mark Twain, The Adventure of Tom Sawyer, Ch 17 What a saint Tom was become now! He didn't go skipping and dancing, however moved with a noble strut, as turned into a privateer who felt that the open eye was on him. Also, in reality it was; he made an effort not to appear to see the looks or hear the comments as he went along, yet they were food and drink to him.- Mark Twain, The Adventure of Tom Sawyer, Ch 18I could excuse the kid, presently, if hed submitted a million sins!- Mark Twain, The Adventure of Tom Sawyer, Ch 19Huck Finns riches and the way that he was currently under the Widow Douglass assurance brought him into society-no, hauled him into it, heaved him into it-and his sufferings were practically beyond what he could bear. The widows workers kept him perfect and flawless, brushed and brushed... He needed to eat with blade and fork; he needed to utilize napkin, cup, and plate; he needed to gain proficiency with his book, he needed to go to chapel; he needed to talk so appropriately that discourse was gotten stale i n his mouth; whithersoever he turned, the bars and shackles of development shut him in and bound him hand and foot.- Mark Twain, The Adventure of Tom Sawyer, Ch 35 Study Guide The Adventure of Tom Sawyer Review

Minimalist Home Tour (Photos) Ryan Nicodemus

Minimalist Home Tour (Photos) Ryan Nicodemus Ohâ€"hello there! Welcome to our minimalist home. Well, really Im the minimalistâ€"my partner, Mariah, is notâ€"but its still our minimalist home, right? And by the way, its more of a loft than a traditional home. Anyway, follow me this way, please. From the front door, we walk through a short hallway and into the kitchen: Because the loft is all one open space, you can turn around and see our livingroom, as well as our favorite featureâ€"that view! (Our cat seems to like it, too.) All right, lets head upstairs to the bedroom: Turn the corner, pass the bathroom, and heres our bedroom (not pictured, behind the wall: closet, laundry): At the foot of our bed, youll find a simple writing desk with a view: And finally, heres a view of our livingroom from our bedroom. Yes, we have two couches, and yes, they get used frequently for weekly game nights: Thats all for now. Next month well feature a minimalist home tour of Joshuas house, so make sure you subscribe to The Minimalists via email. In the meantime, search the #MinimalistHomeTour tag on Instagram for more photos of our homes. Watch our new documentary: Minimalism.

Leadership Style Observed On The Group - 815 Words

Leadership Style Observed I watched a video clip of a group counseling session in the initial stage of the group process. The leader did an excellent job bringing the group members together and ready for the transitional stage. The leader performed expressive leadership with democratic decision-making. The group leader maintained group cohesion, while being warm, friendly, and promoting the well being of group members. Democratic decision-making encourages and includes all group members to experience teamwork and creativity together (The Democratic Leadership Style., n.d.). Creating Safety and Trust Trust is a significant factor in group counseling. If trust is absent, the group can suffer serious damage and become a non-therapeutic group. Trust allows group members to express themselves freely, while being content with personal vulnerability (Corey, Corey, Corey, 2010). It was evident from the start of the counseling session the leader was focusing on the safety and trust of the group. The group started with the topic of confidentiality. The leader went around the circle and asked group members what they thought of confidentiality. The group members were able to open up and express their feelings towards being videotaped and keeping others thoughts, feelings, and behaviors confidential. Once group members had a chance to express their feelings towards confidentiality, they were glad the rules had been established. The group members agreed, they were all ready toShow MoreRelatedCritical Analysis And Strategy For Friendship Baptist Church1079 Words    |  5 Pagesand development within the new organization to foster growth and maturity in members or develop capable leaders from within the organization. The morale and level of viable activity has experienced times of growth and decline due to the change in leadership and lack of clear vision and mission. Key Players There is one formal leader. This leader was elected by a popular vote of the members of the organization. The tenure of the leader is ongoing and has spanned for seven years. The demographic makeupRead MoreAn Overview of Leadership Style Essay1356 Words   |  6 Pagesoverview of leadership style It is impossible to pinpoint precisely the time when interest in leadership styles emerged. However a set of experiments conducted by 3 social scientist in 1938 is a good time to begin. Kurt Lewin, Ronald Leppit, and Robert White used groups of children to study different approaches to exercising control. Their classic study identified three types of control: autocratic, democratic, and laissez faire. These three types of control came to be known as leadership styles. LewinRead MoreUnderstanding Organization And Management : Leadership And Teamwork1460 Words   |  6 PagesOrganisation and Management Leadership and teamwork INTRODUCTION During the three seminars we have been through, we observed and studied the way groups interact, evolve and how they deal with leadership. Indeed, despite the fact that leadership and teamwork have different benefits and purposes, they are strongly connected in some domains including business. Generally, groups share a communication network and a sense of collective identity and goals. The larger the group, the greater number of possibleRead MoreLeadership Styles : Leadership And Management Skills1018 Words   |  5 Pagesincreasingly important for the nurse to develop skills in both leadership and management roles (Marquis, B. L., Huston, C. J., 2017). For optimal functionality, a great leader most possess both leadership and management skills. Gadner (1990) asserted that integrated leader-managers possess six distinguishing traits. These include. 1) They think long term. 2) They look outward, toward the larger organization. 3) They influence others beyond their own group. 4) They emphasize vision values, and motivation. 5)Read MoreLeadership Is The Ability Of Inspire Confidence And Support Among The People On Whose Competence And Commitment Performance847 Words   |  4 PagesAccording to Dubrin (2007), â€Å"leadership is the ability to inspire confidence and suppor t among the people on whose competence and commitment performance depends† (p. 231). In other words, leadership is the ability to motivate others to complete or satisfy a common goal. For the past eleven years, one has observed Chairman Michael German (i.e., German) help grow his family business from startup to a thirty-five employee company. Although German has succeeded to grow the organization with his businessRead MoreAnnotated Bibliography On The Implications Of Psychopathic Personality Traits For Successful And Unsuccessful Political Leadership1312 Words   |  6 Pages (2012). Fearless dominance and the U.S. presidency: Implications of psychopathic Personality traits for successful and unsuccessful political leadership. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 103(3), 489-505. Lilienfeld et al., (2010) examined the attentiveness of psychopathic personality traits that aligned with job performance and leadership of the past presidents including George W. Bush, whereas their successful or unsuccessful behaviors were a matter of public records. The descriptionRead MoreTransformational Leadership : Transformational Leaders1745 Words   |  7 PagesEffective leadership requires skills to adapt to the demands of fresh situations. Leadership flexibility offers opportunities to hone unique approaches, as circumstances demand. Leaders can hang onto core styles while embracing principles found in harmonizing theories. Theories of particular interest are transformational leadership and servant leadership, among others. These approaches are synergistic rather than mutually exclusive. Moreover, they overlap with other beneficial leadership conceptsRead MoreThe Nigerian Managers Essay1064 Words   |  5 Pagesthe autocratic leadership style. At the same time, the re is a strong sense of result oriented approach among these managers as they concern primarily with the task at hand; and do not tend to cater for the long-term development of those under their command (Oke, 2013). The author further commented that democratic and participative leaderships had not been observed amongst the Nigerian managers. Regarding Chinese managers also tend to be autocratic when they fulfill their leadership responsibilitiesRead MoreDifferent Leadership Styles1729 Words   |  7 PagesLeadership styles 1. Introduction Todays leaders are complex professionals, with multiple skill sets, who aim to integrate all of the organizational resources in an efficient manner in which the company becomes able to attain its pre-established objectives. Nowadays, a clear distinction is made between the leader and the manager within an institution, in the meaning that the manager is a more practical individual, focused on practical aspects, such as resource allocation, deadlines, costs andRead MoreThe Qualities Of Marine Corps Drill1277 Words   |  6 PagesThey maintain a hopeful attitude, even in the face of discouraging setbacks, constant criticism and abundant opposition. People don’t follow discouraged leaders. They follow those who persist with hope.† In every situation, the ultimate purpose of leadership is to influence others to accomplish a shared goal. In order to be an effective leader, one must possess certain key traits. These traits include: intelligence, self-confidence, determination , integrity, and sociability (trait approach). I am of

Liberation Ideology Essay - 1235 Words

Liberty and Equality for All Oppression and discrimination has existed and continues to exist in the past, present, and future history of the United States. The mistreatment of particular groups infringe on the idea that all individuals are free and equal. Liberation ideology strives to eliminate external and internal oppression of particular groups in both a formal and informal method in our legal system and society. This ideology believes in the freedom and equality of the individual. Similar to welfare liberalism, strong government interaction is necessary to eliminate oppression in the legal system. In our current bipartisan ideological government system, liberation ideology continues to face oppression and discrimination.†¦show more content†¦Therefore, liberation ideology can fully thrive in a liberal democracy that promotes individual freedom and equal opportunity giving equal rights to all individuals without infringing on the rights of others. Welfare liberals utilize strong government i nteraction to bring about change in society, in which liberation theology strives to eliminate formal discrimination by creating or ratifying legal policies. Welfare liberals work well with liberation ideology because they believe in the necessity for strong government intervention to aid individuals who do not have equal opportunity to reach their full individual freedom. The liberation ideology utilizes the government to make political moves to overcome the oppression and discrimination. For example, black liberation movements, women liberation movements, and gay liberation movements all formally made changes in the political system to eliminate the inequality and to bring about liberation. Black liberation movements banned racial discrimination and segregation in the workplace and in public places during the Civil Rights Movement with the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and 1968, as well as the Voting Rights Act of 1965. These legal movements allowed blacks to gain power to assimil ate themselves are full members and citizens in the United States. Women liberation movements made motion to ratify the Nineteenth Amendment to the Constitution in the 1920’s toShow MoreRelatedLiberation Based Ideologies Essay2726 Words   |  11 PagesLiberation Based Ideologies We know through painful experience that freedom is never voluntarily given by the oppressor; it must be demanded by the oppressed... There comes a time when the cup of endurance runs over, and men are no longer willing to be plunged into the abyss of despair... Like a boil that can never be cured so long as it is covered up but must be opened with all its ugliness to the natural medicines of air and light, injustice must be exposed, with all the tension its exposureRead MoreWhat Organizations, Ideologies, and Leaders Did Africans Create and Engage in the 20th Century to Promote and Advance Their Liberation?1220 Words   |  5 PagesWhat organizations, ideologies, and leaders did Africans create and engage in the 20th century to promote and advance their liberation? [Abstract] The 20th century composed of many organizations ideologies and leaders helping to promote and advance liberation both in America and worldwide. These different entities worked to defy the social structure filled with aspects of conservatism and oppression and rather upheld the Africana sense of governance and encouraged socialism in terms of a moreRead MoreThe s Theory Of Pan Africanism1347 Words   |  6 Pagesabout self-reliance and liberation of blacks to embark on the back-to-Africa movement. Achieving the goal of black liberation fueled the arguments presented by Marcus Garvey. Garvey’s theory of Pan-Africanism proved to be a dominant force in the unification of the African community. Throughout this essay, I will respond to the notion of Pan-Africanism, Garvey’s Ideologies, and his accomplishments in providing Black consciousness for the African diaspora. Garvey’s ideologies were illustrated throughRead MoreThe Core Of Future Actions Toward Social Change1730 Words   |  7 PagesLessons of the past are at the core of future actions toward social change. The best strategies to achieve change are found by looking at key moments of change in the past and using them to guide exploration in a current context. This essay aims to explore movements for growing awareness of Aboriginal history, solidarity and depth of scholarship in the past to then answer the questions of what are the key areas for change today. By taking a critical look at history, I am to discuss the potentialRead MoreCross Cultural Psychology - A Case Study On Marcus Garvey Essay1488 Words   |  6 PagesThe character of this essay is Julien Walters. He founded one of the largest mass movements in the history of the black people. His remarkable accomplishment came at a time that African-Americans were suffering from broken confidence and were jobless. Julien utili zed these particular conditions to build impetus for his cause (The Economics of Marcus Garvey, 2016). From the dawn of the 19th century to the late 60s, Africans and African-Americans worked hard for the liberation of the people of colorRead MoreThe Womens Movement Essay2095 Words   |  9 Pagesthey had succeeded in the altering of their status as a group and changing their lives of countless men and women. Gender, Ideology, and Historical Change: Explaining the Women’s Movement was a great chapter because it explained and analyzed the change and causes of the women’s movement. Elaine Tyler May’s essay, Cold War Ideology and the Rise of Feminism and Women’s Liberation and Sixties Radicalism by Alice Echols both gave important but different opinions and ideas about the women’s movement. AlsoRead MoreSex, Gender, And Gender1468 Words   |  6 Pagestwo contrasting features constantly interrelating, in day-to-day lives. A concise narrowing will be drawn from this understanding throughout the essay, denoting the numerous aspects arising as implicat ions of the current understanding of sex and gender. Conclusions that stem from the popular understandings of sex and gender will be discussed within essay, highlighting implications of gender roles, intersex individuals and biological elements creating distinction between males and females. Sex andRead MoreThe Body By Hopkins And Douglas956 Words   |  4 Pages Essay 1: â€Å"The Body† Hopkins and Douglas described best what it is and was like to live in the U.S. with a Black body. Hopkins gives, in excruciating detail, numerous examples of of abuse African American men have and do face and describes the triangle of desire. Both Lorde and Cannon give compelling solutions to the liberation of African Americans or other persons of color as embodied persons, one being about eroticism, and the other combatting the two fundamental pillars of sexual identity ofRead MoreHolocaust And The Moving Image912 Words   |  4 PagesHolocaust and the Moving Image: representations in film and television since 1933, is a collection of essays that grew out of the 2001, Holocaust, Genocide, and the Moving Image: Film and Television Representations Since 1933 symposium held at the Imperial War Museum in London. The conference, was designed to address the historic, social, educational, and psychological relationships bound to the experiences of the Holocaust and film, while reaching f orward to actualize the knowledge and expertiseRead MoreHoward Brody ~ the Social Power of Expert Healers-Susan Douglas ~ Narcissism as Liberation-Greg Tate ~ I’m White! What’s Wrong with Michael Jackson?1557 Words   |  7 PagesEssay on the subject of power and way of thinking with refrences to the essays titled ; Howard Brody ~ The Social Power of Expert Healers Susan Douglas ~ Narcissism as Liberation Greg Tate ~ I’m White! What’s wrong with Michael Jackson? and other* I want to focus on a way of thinking that I think needs constant revision. This way of thinking relies on unwavering belief in its own truth, to the exclusion of other ideas. For example, it is the way of thinking existing in all religions.

Women’s Right to be Educated Free Essays

Before the Revolutionary War education was undergoing many changes. One of these changes was that many people, like the Puritans, felt that education was the key to help a person be successful in life. The idea was that if you were successful in life, then you would be spiritually successful also. We will write a custom essay sample on Women’s Right to be Educated or any similar topic only for you Order Now The only problem with the Puritan’s ideas was that it left out women. For a woman, in order to be successful, she had to raise her family in the way of the Church, and obey her husband. If she were to do this, she would achieve spiritual success. But the philosophy was mainly focused on the breadwinners of the family. A woman’s role in society was not as noticeable to achieve merit. Their primary role was to stay at home and take care of the children. Also, they would help their husband in many of his daily activities. Women were being excluded from education, society, and power. The turning point for women though, was the Revolutionary War. Many women were left at home to take care of all of the responsibilities around the house or farm. With this new set of responsibilities, women began to think a little bit. They began to wonder why they hadn’t been able to obtain any sort of social power. The fact remains that women had no power at this time because of historical reasons. Historically men had been the heads of the household. And with the strong religious beliefs of the time women couldn’t change that. The Bible was a clear-cut answer to who should run the home. A woman’s function from the perspective of the Bible was to be a mother and to be obedient to their husbands. Women didn’t need education in order to be mothers and or to be obedient. Women had been educated before the turn of the Revolutionary War. But the education they were getting was not equal to that of the men or clergy. Really, the only education they were getting was the education that was taking place in the Church, separated from men. Before the War, women had a 40% literacy rate. This meant that 40% of the women’s population could sign their name. They were only allowed to learn about the Bible and their religion. So historically women only needed enough education in order to stay at home and do domestic labor, and also to take care of their children. Secondly, men had been supporting the family for centuries. So all in all women had no power whatsoever. They had no voice in society, except for the raising of the children and the instillment of morality over their children. This would later be helpful as women started teaching. Before the War women had been dependent upon men. Now that the men were gone fighting, the women had no choice but to take over the responsibilities of supporting the family. This caused women to start thinking about their situation. They started to wonder why it was that they could do everything a man could do now, but they weren’t being treated as though they were equal. They had no education, no power, no voice, and were now supporting the family. After the War was over some very interesting social groups popped up. One of these groups was called the Loyal Citizens. The Loyal Citizens group was a woman’s group that was formed in order to uphold the â€Å"Republican Motherhood†. The basic idea here was that women should shape their sons in the image of the Republic. Also, the mothers should shape their daughters to become good Republican Mothers. This and other groups would be a powerful influence on the unification of women. For one of the first times we see women joining together in a common voice. Women are starting to understand that they aren’t going to get anywhere unless they are unified. Meanwhile many schools were developing with the intention to educate women. The economy was booming which created many job openings for men. This left a void to be filled in the schools. For the private schools this meant that they weren’t going to be able to stay open unless they were able to fill the open spots. So in order to fill the need, many women were educated in Proprietary schools. The education in these schools was not the same as the education in an all-male school. These schools were actually beauty and technical schools. Although, women were not receiving the same education as men, the education they were receiving would also have a large impact on the unification of women. Education at this time was responsible for unifying the country and shaping children as talked about in previous papers. With the education of women starting to be accepted, there was an explosion of girls schools called academies. This was around 1807-1808. The purpose of the academies was to teach grammar and etiquette. Some of them were actually finishing schools. Academies were a huge step for women’s education. Women finally had a school that they could call their own. As women became educated, men started to wonder if women’s education would interfere with their opportunities. The argument was made that education would not make women discontent with their roles in life, but instead would lead them to accept their place in society more easily. Here it is obvious to see that the women are having to justify their education to the men in order to continue. Women’s education is still not accepted among society because the people in power, who were men, heavily influenced society. Hence, women still had little opportunity to do anything with this newfound education. In the early part of the 19th century, many of the common schools were undergoing dramatic changes. With such an onslaught of women becoming educated, there would soon be a large percentage of women who would need jobs. As the common schools began to increase in size, the demand for teachers rose. The women that had recently found education would soon meet the demand for teachers. One of the reasons for this was that women could be given less pay than men. And education was in great demand with the signing of the Northwest Ordinance. The majority of women’s teaching was at the elementary school level. They would have approximately 40 to 100 kids all of whom were between the ages of 3 and 16. The only qualification that a woman needed to teach was that she had to have graduated from elementary school. With little education, women would start teaching with as little as 1 week of training in etiquette. In 1839 Horace Mann would come back from Europe and start to influence the way teachers were being educated. He developed the Normal School. It would teach the basic methods of teaching. He borrowed these methods from the Prussian education system. Later, in 1861 the Oswego Normal School would be a forerunner of all of the Normal Schools by placing even more emphasis on the learning of teaching methods. Normal Schools became an outlet for women. They could be educated to become teachers because society’s views were changing. Finally in 1837, Oberlin College started accepting women and African Americans. Economically it had become cheaper to educate both the girls and boys. Society had become more egalitarian because of this push for women to educate themselves. But equality was far away. Society had changed. There was a need for women to come out of the home and into the workplace. But was this for the best. Women today still struggle to find equality in the workplace. Society, which was run by men, allowed women to come out of the home and to teach. So women did make a great stride in the right direction, but only because they were let to go there. Margaret Haley was an activist for women’s power and a vehement supporter of teacher’s unions. She noticed that women had no power and were still confined by the bounds that were placed upon them by men. Examples of this were that women would have to report to male administrators and were constantly scrutinized by men. She wanted to level the playing field by empowering women. She was also responsible for the American Federation of Teachers, which would later be known as the AFLCIO. With women being educated, the only thing left for them to do was to gain power and to someday give society the gentle touch of a woman. Women had learned the role of the Republican Mothers. There was no better way to teach a child than to have a woman who already understood their role as a mother. This role would be to shape the children they would teach into sons and daughters of America. Women were the perfect teachers. They had been teaching their own children for years how to be moral and responsible citizens. Through their struggle women eventually won their suffrage and would have a larger voice in the country. But even today there are still ripples from the pond that reach us. Women still struggle daily with trying to achieve total equality. Hopefully, they will win their fight! How to cite Women’s Right to be Educated, Papers

Nintendo Corporate Strategy - Free Sample Solution

Question: Discuss about theStrategic Management of Nintendo Ltd Over the Rivals. Answer: Introduction This report basically discusses about the strategic management about the company Nintendo Company limited. The report will cover the competitive advantage the company has in the market. Along with this, report will also cover functional level, business unit level and corporate level strategies which are adopted by the Nintendo Company limited to compete in the market. The Nintendo Company limited is an electronic company of Japan. It is a multinational company situated in the city Tokyo (Schilling, 2010). The company was founded in 1889 and now it is famous across the world for the revenue. The market value of the Nintendo Company is around US$ 85 billion and this is the reason that it is the third most valuable company in the world. In 2008, the company got seventh position among the worlds most innovative companies. The company has engagement process to bring transparency, improve risk management, targeting customers, providing information and increase efficiencies etc. By the enga gement process, the company is able to set efficient objectives and measure the progress of the business (Thomson Gamble, 2012). Products of Nintendo Company The current gaming console of Nintendo Company is Nintendo Wii. This is a small device made by plastic that can play games in either a horizontal or vertical position. The reason of its biggest sale is the unique motion controller. With the help of this motion controller, consumers can play games wirelessly. This type of features was unique for the gaming industry and it made a great success for Nintendo Company. This feature also differentiated the Nintendo Wii from two biggest competitiors in the market, Sonys Playstation 3 and Microsofts X-box 360. Further, Nintendo released a series of accessories for the Wii (Chapple, 2013). Because of the unique features of Wii, Nintendo Company became able to attract more customers. The Wii balance board includes different features of gaming such as surfing, control skating and snowboarding games by a plastic board (The Economist online, 2011). Popukarity and selling of the Nintendos product in different countries can be seen by the graph: Figure 1: Unit sales of Nintendo (Source: Hitt, et al., 2009) Competitive Advantage of the Company Competitive advantage of the company refers to getting advantage by satisfying customers need and desires compared to other companies in the market place. To remain competitive in the market, the company needs to focus on developing synergy, creating value and core competencies. Basically, competitive advantage can be defined as the ability of the company to perform better than its competitors in the market. The company must focus on developing customer advantages because if customers do not value the company then it will not be able to compete in the market (Hitt, et al., 2009). In the case of Nintendo Company limited, it has been seen that there are few numbers companies in this industry such as Nintendo, Sony, Microsoft and Sega. Despite of less number of companies, there is much competition in the market. There is a great battle in the market for competitive advantage (Nintendo, 2013). Analyzing competition in gaming console market, there are five forces given by Porter that impact on competition: Figure 2: Porter's Model (Source: Sawh, 2013) Potential Entrants: The market of gaming console is regulated by some firms that have new technologies and good brand image among the customers. The new technology and reputation attract the target consumers and create the issues and barriers for those firms who are entering in the market. So, the new comer companies have to face barriers by existing large companies. On the other hand, continuous change in the life style also creates opportunities for the new comer firms (Sawh, 2013). Substitutes: There are ample ranges of entertainment substitutes that compete with the video games now such as mobile phones, PC games, portable consoles etc. All theses substitutes of entertainment can directly impact the new firms. It can affect in targeting and attracting the customers. Buyers bargaining power: Because of competitions from major rivals in the market, customers benefit from bargaining power with the firms. There are also wide ranges of substitutes so; the customers enjoy the bargaining power. There is one more reason of bargaining power that prices of hardware which is used in making video games are very low and it leads the strong bargaining power. Supplier bargaining power: There is oligopoly in the market because of few large firms. But every firm plays an important role in the suppliers bottom line. For getting advantage gaming console companies must have good positions among the suppliers. Industry competitors: Nintendo is not only the most leading firm in the gaming console market but also going to enter in new market segment. This is great opportunity for the Nintendo for targeting new generation and new customers. Thus, there is also a lot of competition of the company with Microsoft and Sony (MarketWatch, 2013). Microsoft was the first company which introduced the seventh generation of gaming console. Company has advantage of developing new software so it is the major competitor in the market. Although Microsoft had late entered in the market but it had introduced Xbox 360 in 2005. By introducing Xbox 360, the company has proved that it has proactive strategy rather than reactive strategy. Thus, Microsoft is still famous company in the gaming industry (Cnet, 2013). On the other hand, Sony is the famous company for its unique designs and hardware. Sony is a strong competitor. This company has experience of current market. Sony has unique strategies for segmenting the target market. The main targets of the Sony are women, children, family and other gamers who have interest in games. That is the reason the company Sony is big player in the industry (MaRS, 2010) Competitive Advantage Despite of many rivalries, Nintendo has got core competency in the market. The company has created values by targeting the market of gamers and unique gaming console. The company has created value for women and family members. It has developed various games which are suitable for the target market and the games developed by the country provide great experience to the users. The strategy of Nintendo is very successful compared with its rivals. One of the important steps taken by the Nintendo for getting success in the market was cutting off the cost of the product and creating more values for the targeted customer. Cutting off the cost is just like a weapon in the market to stay competitive (Nagata, 2009). The competitive strategy of Nintendo against other competitors can be seen by the graph: Figure 3: Strategy of Nintendo (Source: Wesley Barczak, 2010) The company Nintendo has adopted some strategies such as powerful hardware processing, better gaming graphics, and innovative or creative non-gaming function. But implementing these strategies required lots of time and money. So, to reduces expenses and target more customers the Nintendo cut off the cost incurred in unnecessary functions. The company cut off the cost by launching its products simple, resolutions in games with more fun for the customers. This strategy is very helpful for the product Nintendo Wii. The strategy makes the product unique, perfect for the users such as elders, women and family members. The strategy is helpful to the Nintendo for getting competitive advantage in the market. When the Nintendo had launched its product with the strategy of cutting off the prices, both Microsoft and Sony faced loss in the every unit of hardware. On the other hand, the product Nintendo Wii was earning profit of around $ 50 in US. In 2007, Microsoft and Sony faced loss and on the other hand, Nintendo got a big success in the market. With the raising funds and increased brand image among the customers, Nintendo got big success and competitive advantage over its rivals while launching new products (Wesley Barczak, 2010). Strategic Analysis of Nintendo Company The strategic analysis of Nintendo has been done on the basis of corporate level strategy, business level strategy and functional strategy. After realizing the competition in the market, the Nintendo Company has adopted some new strategies. The strategic analysis of the Nintendo is as follows: Business level Strategy: The main business level strategy of the Nintendo is to differentiate its product from the competitors in the market. The purpose of the company by business level strategy is to implement the incorporated cost leadership. The business level strategy can be described as the set of actions which is taken to produce a product or service with an acceptable cost. The product must create value among the customers and must differentiate itself from the competitors. The product Nintendo Wii was well-designed with unique features. It was a small machine which could be controlled by an operator. By this, the games can be played wirelessly by the consumers. It was unique product and it was helpful for Nintendo in getting competitive advantage. The product had wide target, low cost and easily use facility (Mohr, Sengupta Slater, 2009). Corporate level Strategy: In the corporate level strategy, Nintendos has adopted innovation strategy in its products. Innovation strategy has played very important role in getting competitive advantage. The analysis of Nintendos strategy shows that the company has used innovative business model to stay competitive in the market. The aim of the company by adopting innovative business model is to position itself different from the competitors and to understand the customers completely. Along with this, Nintendo has used technological touch to target the gamers (Bainbridge, 2011). Company organized a largest advertising campaign with the cost around $200 million. The company offered easy-to-use and family-family products to the customers. In product innovation strategy, company introduced innovative designs such as Wii-mote and infrared pointer (Farhoomand, Joshia Tsang, 2009) Functional level Strategy: Nintendo is very much focused on the innovative products which are family friendly while Microsoft is focused on the budget gamer and Sony is focused on providing high quality products with high cost. It company Nintendo is much focused on the differentiation strategy. The companys strategy includes open innovation, Wiishop channel, and low cost leadership and Wiiware differentiation (Kendall, 2009). Conclusion From the above discussion, it has been analyzed that the Nintendo is getting competitive advantage in the market. It is surviving effectively over the rivals in the market. The report has covered the competitive advantage the company has in the market. It has also been analyzed that there are functional level, business unit level and corporate level strategies which are adopted by the Nintendo Company limited to compete in the market. The company has engagement process to bring transparency, improve risk management, targeting customers, providing information and increase efficiencies etc. The company introduced unique product named Nintendo Wii and because of this product the major competitors such as Microsoft and Sony faced loss. The sale or profit of Nintendo compared to the competitors is also shown in the table. There is a great battle in the market for competitive advantage. For this, competitive advantage is analyzed by the model of Porter. Nintendo has adopted some strategies such as powerful hardware processing, better gaming graphics, and innovative or creative non-gaming function. It had also done cost cutting strategy for attracting customers. The strategy of Nintendo was very successful compared with its rivals. When the Nintendo had launched its product with the strategy of cutting off the prices, the both Microsoft and Sony faced loss in their sales. So, in the conclusion, it can be said that the company Nintendo has made its position in the market over the rivals. References Bainbridge, W., (2011). Leadership in science and technology: A reference handbook. US: SAGE Publications. Chapple, C. (2013). Game industry worth $83bn by 2016, research claims. Develop. Retrieved on 27th October 2016 from https://www.develop-online.net/news/42997/Game-industry-worth-83bn-by-2016-research-claims Cnet. (2013). Microsoft may launch Xbox 720 in April. Retrieved on 27th October 2016 from https://crave.cnet.co.uk/gamesgear/microsoft-may-launch-xbox-720-in-april-report-says- 50010502/ Farhoomand, A., Joshia, H., Tsang, S., (2009). Nintendos disruptive strategy: Implications for the video game industry. China: The University of Hong Kong. Hitt, M. A., Ireland, D. R., Hoskisson, R. E., Rowe, G. W., Sheppard, J. P. (2009). Strategic Management. Toronto: Nelson Education Ltd Kendall, N. (2009). How Nintendos boss rewrote the rules of the game: The Times. Retrieved on 27th October 2016 from https://www.thetimes.co.uk/tto/technology/article1859555.ece MarketWatch. (2013). Nintendo Co. Ltd. ADS. Retrieved on 27th October 2016 from https://www.marketwatch.com/investing/stock/ntdoy MaRS. (2010). Case Study: Changing the game Lessons from Nintendos Wii. Retrieved on 27th October 2016 from https://www.marsdd.com/articles/case-study-changing-the-game-lessons-from-nintendo-s-wii/ Mohr, J., Sengupta, S., Slater, S., (2009). Marketing of high-technology products and innovations. UK: Prentice Hall. Nagata, K., (2009). Nintendo secret: It's all in the game. Japan Times. Retrieved on 27th October 2016 from https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2009/03/10/news/nintendo-secret-its-all-in-the- game/ Nintendo. (2013). Consolidated Sales Transition by Region. Retrieved on 27th October 2016 from https://www.nintendo.co.jp/ir/library/historical_data/pdf/consolidated_sales_e1212.pdf Sawh, M. (2013). Sony Playstation 4. Retrieved on 27th October 2016 from https://www.t3.com/news/sonyplaystation-4-news-reviews-price-rumours-and-release-date Schilling, M. A., (2010). Strategic Management of Technological Innovation. New York: McGraw-Hill Irwin. The Economist online. (2011). Video games will be the fastest growing form of media.retrieved on 27th October 2016 from https://www.economist.com/blogs/graphicdetail/2011/12/daily-chart-0 Thomson Gamble (2012). crafting and executing strategy concept and cases (18th). Case 6: Nintendos strategy in 2009: The ongoing battle with Microsoft and Sony Wesley, D., Barczak, G., (2010). Innovation and marketing in the video game industry: Avoiding the performance trap. Gower

Analization of There are no Children Here essays

Analization of There are no Children Here essays You do not fully know a man until you have walked around in his shoes Social isolation due to economical disadvantages is the criteria of which Alex Kotlowitz novel There Are No Children Here is based upon. It is a true story in which free lance journalist, Kotlowitz followed the lives of two children, there mother and the rest of their siblings growing up in government project home in Chicagos west side ghetto. The main characters of the story are Lafeyette and Pharoah Rivers and their mother La Joe and how they survive the hardship and struggles of an impoverished life and non existence to the rest of the world. The first thing that La Joe mentions to Kotlowitz when she agrees to let him follow and live in their footsteps is the following comment, "But you know, there are no children here," she told him. "They've seen too much to be children.", and it is here that we receive the title of this sentimental and heart felt novel. The predicament that the people of this socially separated, violence reigning, horrendous poverty stricken urban community saw on a daily basis gave them no hope for the future. The people learned to become accustomed to and accept that there was little they could do to change the views of the upper class citizens to help them in their dilemma of living out there daily lives. The children are always caught in the grasps of gangs exchanging gun fire and letting out there anger and may not even live to see a new day as a result of it. A way to ignore a problem that exist is to not acknowledge that there is one or try and understand it. Early off in the beginning of the novel Lafeyette and Pharoah along with a couple of the other neighborhood children go to the railroad tracks in the attempt to discover a snake. Upon hearing the people on the train arriving the children flee for cover because of rumors they have heard of the passengers carrying weapons for their safety. The passe ngers...

Writing a Process Analysis Essay †Pro-Academic-Writers.com

Writing a Process Analysis Essay Process Analysis Essay Writing: Tips, Structure, Advice Most of you are afraid of analysis essay and everything that comes with it. We must say that any writing process can be exciting, yes even research paper writing. All you need to do is to be familiar with the topic and the entire format. Definition Let’s start of what the process analysis article, also called an expository essay, is. This is a writing process of paper that is aimed to explain the fact or action. Briefly speaking, it is about classic â€Å"How to† topic. All steps and stages of processing should be carefully sequenced in a list. It is a very common process, and if you have written an essay before, you have an advantage already. Contents Contents Definition Process analysis essay writing in stages Process analysis essay tips Contents Introduction Body paragraphs Conclusion Some writing advice Process analysis essay writing in stages So, let’s start with the structure and its developing. The main analysis process flows in few main directions. Like any other paper, this article has three main parts: Introduction, Body, and Conclusion. It is not always necessary to start with the Introduction first. Lots of students and their tutors prefer to start the creative process from the Body paragraphs. Anyway, the introductory part should be the opener for the entire essay. It should contain a brief presentation of your topic. That is the reason some people do the Body paragraphs first. It gives them a clearer view on how to write their introduction more relevant. Speaking about the process analysis essay, we must note that an author should also include a list of equipment and tools that are used in the process he is explaining in his essay. As like in argumentative essay resources are vital for this paper. Resources also should be on the list. This part makes an expository essay different from other academic paper types. If any equipment parts or tool are not available in your area, you should mention and explain it in your paper. Besides that, you should list all potential risks for the process if there are any. Just tell your reader what he or she should avoid while recreating the process you are explaining. And here is the Body part. The entire process you are analyzing in your article should go absolutely accurately and in a sequential order. Some stages may require separate processes. For example, if you are talking about how to make pasta, you need to undertake such stages as sauce and presentation. And this point is very tricky. You need to separate all those processes correctly to avoid any confusions and misunderstandings between you and a reader. Process analysis essay tips Here are few words about what you should do in every part of your process essay: Introduction Present your topic to the audience and tell briefly what the entire action all about is. Tell about the relevance of the process you are describing. Come up with your own experience example. Body paragraphs Divide your writing into few main paragraphs. Get each step of your instruction in a different paragraph. All transitions between steps should be slight and logical. Try to make your presentation more descriptive. Conclusion Get your whole content summarized. Do not sequence all those steps once again. Just shoot the main points due to their relevancy. Do the description of the ideal result. Some writing advice A process analysis or expository article is not a tough task to deal with. Of course, some technical instructions would be challenging for you if you are a philosophy student. But we are all familiar with that style, and you just need to keep it in your mind. Just set that specific explanatory tone to your audience, and your task will be perfect. Make your words sound neutral. Read few examples online or just grab an instruction for your mobile phone. No slang and briefings. Use that standard language we all know and don’t use with our friends. If you still have any questions and difficulties with your process analysis essay, our company is 24/7 ready to help you out. Just calm down and let us know about your problems in our order form. .section-promo { padding: 2rem 0 0; background-color: #313545; } .section-promo .p-l-1 { border-left: 1px solid #52c8f5; } .section-promo .section__heading { color: #ffffff; font-size: 36px; font-weight: 700; padding-top: 5rem; } .section-promo .section__text { color: #ffffff; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400; } .section-promo .section__subheading { color: #ffffff; font-size: 24px; font-weight: 500; } @media (max-width: 991px) { .section-promo .p-l-1 { margin: 2rem 0; } .section-promo .section__images { width: 180px; margin-top: 6rem; } } @media (max-width: 767px) { .section-promo .p-l-1 { padding-left: .7rem !important; padding-right: .7rem !important; padding: 2rem .7rem; border-left: none; margin: 0; background-color: #282a34; margin-left: -15px; margin-right: -15px; } .section-promo .section__heading { padding-top: 1rem; font-size: 18px; text-align: center; } .section-promo .section__subheading { text-align: center; font-size: 16px; } .section-promo .section__text { text-align: center; font-size: 12px; } .section-promo .section__images { width: 150px; margin-top: 0; margin: 0 auto; } } .section-contents { position: relative; } .section-contents::before { content: url("/static/img/regular/pro-academic-writers-2pic.png"); position: absolute; width: 338px; height: 148px; right: 0; top: 50%; z-index: -1; } @media (max-width: 1750px) { .section-contents::before { width: 250px; } } @media (max-width: 1566px) { .section-contents::before { display: none; } } .section-contents .section__contents { width: 90%; margin: 4rem 0 2rem 10%; border: 2px dashed #313545; background-color: #f4f4f4; display: -ms-flexbox; display: flex; -ms-flex-pack: distribute; justify-content: space-around; } .section-contents .section__item { -ms-flex-item-align: center; align-self: center; display: -ms-flexbox; display: flex; -ms-flex-direction: column; flex-direction: column; -ms-flex-pack: center; justify-content: center; -ms-flex-align: center; align-items: center; background-color: #313545; border-radius: 50%; transform: scale(1.4); position: relative; left: -5rem; } .section-contents .section__title { color: #ffffff; font-size: 24px; font-weight: 700; text-transform: uppercase; transform: scale(0.5); position: relative; top: .5rem; } .section-contents .section__icon svg { width: 88px; height: 88px; transform: scale(0.8); } .section-contents .section__list { display: -ms-flexbox; display: flex; -ms-flex-align: center; align-items: center; } .section-contents .section__list ul li { color: #313545; font-size: 20px; font-weight: 700; margin: .3rem 0; } .section-contents .section__heading { color: #242732; font-size: 30px; font-weight: 400; } @media (max-width: 767px) { .section-contents .section__heading { font-size: 18px; } } .section-contents .section__text { color: #313545; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400; line-height: 24px; } @media (max-width: 767px) { .section-contents .section__text { font-size: 12px; } } @media (max-width: 991px) { .section-contents .section__contents { width: 100%; margin: 4rem 0 2rem 0; } .section-contents .section__item { left: 0; transform: none; margin: 0 1rem; } .section-contents .section__list { width: 50%; } .section-contents .section__list ul.list-normal { margin-left: 0.5rem; } .section-contents .section__list ul.list-normal li { font-size: 16px; } } @media (max-width: 767px) { .section-contents .section__item { display: none; } .section-contents .section__contents { -ms-flex-direction: column; flex-direction: column; padding: 0; } .section-contents .section__head { background-color: #313545; padding: .5rem; color: #ffffff; font-size: 20px; font-weight: 700; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: center; margin-top: -0.2rem; margin-left: -.2rem; margin-right: -.2rem; margin-bottom: 1rem; } .section-contents .section__list { width: 100%; } .section-contents .section__list ul.list-normal { margin: 0; } .section-contents .section__list ul.list-normal li { font-size: 12px; } .section-contents .section__list ul.list-normal li:first-child { margin-top: 0; } } .section-process { padding: 4rem 0; background-color: #b4eaff; background-image: radial-gradient(circle 950px at center, rgba(180, 234, 255, 0) 0%, #71d5fc 100%); } .section-process .section__heading { color: #313545; font-size: 30px; font-weight: 400; } @media (max-width: 767px) { .section-process .section__heading { font-size: 18px; } } .section-process .section__images { position: absolute; width: 489px; height: 550px; } @media (max-width: 767px) { .section-process .section__images { display: none; } } .section-process .section__text { color: #313545; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400; } .section-process .section__subheading { position: relative; display: inline-block; color: #313545; font-size: 24px; font-weight: 700; } @media (max-width: 767px) { .section-process .section__subheading { font-size: 16px; } } .section-process .section__subheading::after { content: ''; display: inline-block; position: absolute; width: 572px; height: 2px; background-color: #313545; left: 107%; top: 50%; transform: translateY(-50%); } .section-process .section__subheading::before { content: ''; display: inline-block; position: absolute; width: 12px; height: 12px; background-color: #313545; border-radius: 50%; right: -1rem; top: 50%; transform: translateY(-50%); } .section-process .section__list ul { margin-left: 0; } .section-process .section__list ul li { color: #313545; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400; } .section-process .section__list ul li::before { color: #40aa45; } @media (max-width: 767px) { .section-process .section__list ul li { font-size: 12px; } } .section-seo { background-color: #d8f4ff; padding: 4rem 0; } .section-seo .section__heading { color: #313545; font-size: 30px; font-weight: 400; } @media (max-width: 767px) { .section-seo .section__heading { font-size: 18px; text-align: center; } } .section-seo .section__text { color: #313545; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400; } @media (max-width: 767px) { .section-seo .section__text { font-size: 12px; text-align: center; } }

Enterprise Resource Planning System Research Paper

Enterprise Resource Planning System - Research Paper Example An information system is a collection of structured elements that collect, process, store, and transfer processed information to uphold decision making and control in an organization (Laudon & Laudon, 1999, p.7; Hoffer et al., 2007, p.429). On the other hand, an enterprise resource planning (ERP) system is an entirely integrated information system that includes most fundamental tasks essential for a large size corporation. Additionally, an ERP system is built and run on a common database shared by the basic business activities. In addition, an ERP solution presents the facilities of an information system for the whole organization. However, a corporation must redesign its business processes to arrange with the ERP system. Furthermore, the implementation and integration of an ERP usually considered as the biggest information system project ever completed by a corporation (Whitten et al., 2000, p.23; Ehie & Madsen, 2005; Vlachopoulou & Manthou, 2006; Hitt et al., 2002). (Stair & Reynolds, 2003, p.22), discuss the enterprise resource planning (ERP) system, according to them, an ERPS is accomplished for running a corporation’s fundamental business processes for whole multi-site, international corporation. In addition, the range of activities performed by an ERP system differs from organization to organization, since, a majority of ERP systems offer integrated software to facilitate the finance and manufacturing business processes of a corporation. However, in this scenario, a demand forecast is set up that determines the customer needs for a number of weeks.

Strategy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 5

Strategy - Essay Example Most women live on the shadow of what really is the truth about mammography. They should be taught about the whole process and the outcomes of it. They should know that early detection of cancer can be very helpful in the treatment process. The second strategy should be reduction of the cost of acquiring screen mammograms. It is very expensive; most women can’t afford the screening process due to their financial nature. Even after the screening, the treatment itself is still so expensive. The team should get some donors to support the whole process in the low-income regions. The final strategy is to make the mammography always available in the region. The once in a while program is not helpful due to the undecided nature of the locals. If the program is made available, and a proper teaching process is conducted, the long run effect may see even the hard hearted women accepting to undergo the mammography (Nielsen, 2011) The understanding of the underlying social problems would ease the planning process. It would point out the reasons why women have low turnout for the mammography. For example, if it is a financial problem, the team would try to find a way before starting the program to remove the burden of high costs to the region. The understanding of the region is greatly helpful to the team. They would be ready for any problem which arises socially in the process of executing the program (Nick,

The Corinthia Palace Hotel Company Ltd Company Tourism Essay

The Corinthia Palace Hotel Company Ltd Company Tourism Essay With 380 million international arrivals annually and market share of more than 40% of global tourism Europe commands the position as the number one tourist destination European Commission Vice-president Antonio Tajani- Journal of the Institute of Tourism Studies Dec 2010 pg 30. Company History Corinthia Palace Hotel Company Ltd is a Maltese registered company that owns The Corinthia Palace Hotel and Spa. The hotel enjoys a central location in the San Anton area. This Boutique style hotel neighbours both the Official Residence of the President of the Republic of Malta and the San Anton Botanical Gardens. Initially in 1920s, the site was a private residence called Villa Refalo, which was later sold to the Pisani family in 1959. (IL-Haddiem, 1968). The villa was transformed into the Corinthia Restaurant in the 1962. The company name Corinthia stems from the trademark columns that remain a prominent feature in the Villa Corinthia Restaurant. The restaurant prospered and was particularly popular with both locals and expatriates on field breaks from Libya. The success of this fine dining restaurant led the Pisani family to engage the services of architect Dom Mintoff, who designed and supervised the building of one of the finest hotels of its time. The hotel was amongst one of the first five star hotels in Malta to have full conference facilities in addition to 141 rooms, 11 suites, Garden Spa and 5 food and beverage outlets. The official opening of the hotel in the June of 1968, was conducted in the presence of then Minister of Education, Culture and Tourism, Doctor George Borg Olivier, His Excellency Duke of Edinburgh and renowned actor Roger Moore. The success of this enterprise has set the foundation for Corinthia Group of Companies, as we know it today. The group is organised into four business units, each of which plan and implement well-defined strategies driven by single objective of continued growth. The unanimity of purpose, to achieve our founders vision, towards expanding the Corinthia Portfolio Internationally, is driven by Mr Alfred Pisani himself. To date the company owns or operates sixteen hotels in nine countries. Mission Our Mission is to provide our guests with the craftsmanship of care Company Philosophies The company philosophy is primarily based on the core values, mainly integrity, honesty, trust and respect, which form the foundation of relationships within the Corinthia Group as well as with our customers and business partners. Definition of an Industry. There are numerous sources that provide a definition of an Industry, however, the succinct description in The Oxford English Dictionary of an industry is as follows :- a particular form or branch of economic or commercial activity Snapshot of the Tourism Industry in Malta Economic Performance According to its 2010 report  [1]  , Travel and Tourism contributes towards 19.4% of the GDP (EUR1,151.4 million) with a forecasted increase of a further 3.6 % by 2020. Export earnings from International Visitors is expected to reap in the region of à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬ 777 million with a forecasted growth to à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬ 1443.4 million in 2020. Currently, 23.7% of the labour market are employed in industry related occupations and it is anticipated that this will rise to 28.9 % by 2020. These statistics substantiate that Travel and Tourism is perceived to remain one of the key engines for growth for the Maltese Economy. Tourist Performance Although the National Statistics Office has not issued the official statistics for 2010 Parliamentary Secretary for Tourism estimated that the total number of Tourists to the island was in the region of 1.3 million  [2]  . This is an .1 million increase on 2009 figures  [3]   Capacity : The National Statistics Office December news release Collective accommodation establishments :Oct 2010 reported that there are a total of 158 accommodation establishments on the Maltese Islands which equates to a total bedstock of 17,966 . During the month of October statistic report that the total amount of non resident arrivals in109,581 visitors who stayed an average stay of 6.3 nights. 5 Star Hotels on the Island Currently , there are a total of fifteen accommodation establishments that are classified with a 5 star rating. During the month of October, this accommodation tier enjoyed an occupancy of 73 %. Having an information at hand is invaluable when assessing the viability of an industry. The World Travel and Tourism Council uses set Indices which can be valuable to ascertaining an Industrys attractiveness and future economic potential. The use of PESTLE to scan the Broad Environment for drivers of change There are numerous characteristics or strategic elements that can influence the life cycle of the local tourism industry. One organisation, acting independently, may have very little influence on the broad environment: however, the forces in this environment can have a tremendous impact on the organisation (Enz, C.A, 2010).p16  [4]  . Consequentially, if one was to consider this statement in todays local business scenario, it consolidates the school of thought that theres a limited likelihood that organisations have opportunities to influence the broad environment. However, according to The principle of Enactment organisations do not have to submit to the existing forces in the environment. (St.John, Harrison ,2010)  [5]  . One example of how this is validated in the local context, is through management agreements that hoteliers have formed with Internationally renowned Brands. In contrast, the Corinthia Palace Hotel, has established its own brand called Corinthia Hotels International Ltd (CHI Ltd). The strategic choice to create a Maltese Brand is a means to differentiate between the International brand names such as Hilton, Inter Continental, Marriot and Starwood Hotels that currently operate on the Island. Through a concept of backward integration the Corinthia Brand has eliminated having to pay substantial contributions to third party Management Companies by forming its own unique Brand. Additionally, it has been able to penetrate the International Tourism Industry by offering Management Contracts to overseas operators in the Industry. The task of measuring competitiveness is full of complexities as there are numerous forces at play. Therefore, it is of paramount importance to have a thorough understanding of both the potential threats and opportunities available. This will then provide the basis for which a company responds to trends and influences by integrating its resources to achieve a strategic advantage on its competitors. Local firms competing within the Tourism Industry invariably have similar resources available to them. Additionally, each will be challenged by similar forces. Therefore, it is safe to assume that most will pursue similar strategies. However, the company that best acclimatises itself through capitalising on its strengths, its unique resources and capabilities is more likely to be successful. All organisations formulate business plans that will enable the firm to use its core competencies to achieve its mission, goals and strategies. PESTLE Analysis Therefore, in order for any business enterprise to adapt to the broad environmental forces it is common practice to analyse key indicators in the macro environment by situational analysis. The four areas that are believed to influence and form the context in which the firm operates are as follows :- Political Forces Economical Forces Socio cultural Forces Technological Forces The Political Environment can significantly influence an industry and organisations. Economic Performance Political Scenario in Malta The tou The Maltese Government recognises that Tourism is a key contributor to the Maltese Economy. The government has collaborated with Public Employment Services, Educational Institutions and Social partners to invest and improve on the current skills set of the current labour market. The broad environment. Forces within both the Broad and Task environment are critical determinants for strategy formulation for any organisation. However, the core of a firms business environment is formed by its interaction and between three key stakeholders and their impact on the market place :- Customers, Suppliers, Competitors. This is more commonly known as the Task Environment. All contemporary organisations within all Industries face forces that can significantly affect profitability. If a firm understands these forces, then it can develop a business level strategy that allows the business to either take advantage or protect itself from these forces, which in turn allows the firm to be consistently profitable.'(Ahlstrom.D,2009)  [6]  . Although many business models exist, most companies use the framework of environmental understanding established by Economist Michael Porter to measure potential of an in Industry. Porters Five Forces Model In the March- April 1979, one of the most cited authors in Business and Economics, Professor Micheal. E. Porter, published an article in the Harvard Business Review, titled How Competitive Forces Shape Strategy.  [7]  . In this article he wrote : Competition in an industry is rooted in its underlying economics, and competitive forces exist that go well beyond the established combatants in a particular industry. Customers, suppliers, potential entrants, and substitute products are all competitors that may be more or less prominent or active depending on the industry. The state of competition in an industry depends on five basic forces. The collective strength of these forces determines the ultimate profit potential of an industry. This article formed the basis of Porters Five Forces Model. This user friendly model is now widely applied by many organisations to formulate the firms business level strategy. Corinthia Palace Hotel is no exception. Key strategic decision makers within the company use this model in their business plan to represent their analysis of the dynamics of the competitive structure and each forces influences the Maltese Tourist Industry . Bargaining Power of Customers Bargaining Power of Suppliers Threat of New Entrants The Threat of Substitute Products or Services Function The hotel has two primary functions which are to provide accommodation and catering services to travellers. Market Although perceived as a business hotel, the main market is leisure travellers. The tour operator and Leisure Segments constitute approximately 64% of the hotels market share. The company enjoys amongst the highest customer retention rate within the Corinthia group, averaging in the region of 20%. Suppliers

Arthur Miller’s “Death of a Salesman” Essay

Who does not want to live the perfect life, the American Dream? Throughout Arthur Miller’s Death of a Salesman, Willy Loman is in pursuit of this Dream. Willy focuses on the idealistic American dream his entire life, associating it with financial success, an excellent reputation and being well liked. He makes victims of his wife and of his sons by subjecting them to mistreatment and deprivation of a strong male role model. According to the Webster’s Dictionary a victim is one who is subjected to oppression, hardship or mistreatment. Willy puts far too much pressure on his elder son Biff, not enough on his younger son Happy, and he makes a â€Å"yes-woman† out of his doting wife Linda. Willy’s ideas of the American Dream outweigh the realistic trials and tribulations that need to be overcome in order to achieve the Dream. The American Dream is one of success and Willy views success as being well liked. He wants Biff to be well liked and hence puts much pressure on him to be popular. During Willy’s flashbacks to 1929, Willy encourages Biff to be a good football player rather than a good student. Willy pays so much attention to Biff and puts so much pressure on him to succeed and to be well liked that Biff does not have anything concrete (such as marks) as a backup. Willy believes that even though Bernard can get the best marks in school, that he will not survive in the business world because he is not well liked (Miller 33). Biff wants to live up to his father’s dreams. He wants his dad to be proud of him. Before the football game at Ebbets Field, Biff promises â€Å"to break through for a touchdown,† just for his dad (32). As a teenager, and right up until he catches Willy cheating, Biff does everything he can to get into Willy’s good books. He is the star football player and popular enough to order his friends around: â€Å"Fellas! Everybody sweep out the furnace room!† (34). Then, all of a sudden, things change. After finding Willy and Miss Francis together, Biff comes to the conclusion that his father is not as important as he makes himself out to be: â€Å"he [Mr. Birnbaum] wouldn’t listen to you [Willy]† (120). This is the turning point in Biff’s life because he becomes a victim of Willy’s actions. At this point, in a hotel room in Boston, Biff gives up on his life and the dream of success when he decides that he is â€Å"not going there [the University of Virginia]† (120). Willy has ruined his son’s chances at getting a good education and a  successful career. Willy puts so much emphasis on Biff’s success, that he neglects Happy. As a result, Happy feels the need to follow in Willy’s footsteps in order to gain the level of respect and attention from his father that is given to Biff. Happy feels this neglect as a teenager and feels the need to satisfy his dad: â€Å"I’m losing weight, you notice, Pop?† (33). Happy wants to be popular and well liked in order to get some positive attention from Willy. Even as an adult, Happy holds on to the need to impress his dad and to keep him content with his life. Happy wants Biff to lie to their father about seeing Bill Oliver because Willy â€Å"is never so happy as when he’s looking forward to something† (105). Happy wants Willy to be pleased with Biff because that would keep Willy happy and could stop him from having flashbacks and talking to himself. Success in business is one of Willy’s goals for the American Dream and thus, Happy wants to be a businessman because he is seeking his father’s approval. While in pursuit of the American Dream, Willy needs someone to support him and to agree with all of his decisions. Linda is there for him throughout the hard times. She guides him by being supportive of his decisions and even supports his lying. She knows that he goes to Charley to â€Å"borrow fifty dollars a week and pretend[s] to [her] that it’s his pay† (57). Linda allows him to feel important, at least in front of his own family. Not only does she defend him in front of their sons, but she also tries to keep the peace between her husband and Biff. Willy doesn’t appreciate this as he should, turning on her when she tries to get him to listen to Biff, telling her † don’t take his [Biff’s] side all the time† (65 ). Later, when she tries to comfort him, he tells her to â€Å"get to bed† (134). She endures him yelling, â€Å"stop interrupting† (64) without breaking down, only to ask him whether she â€Å"should?sing† (68) to soothe him. He has trained her to take his harsh words and act like nothing has happened. Linda is the glue that keeps the Loman family together as she tries to get Willy and her sons to speak calmly and peacefully and to see the best in each other. Ultimately, the Loman family is affected by the American Dream gone awry.  Willy Loman is very focused on this dream and his family’s success in business. Consequently, he mistreats his sons and his wife, making victims of them. His sons do not have a strong male role model who they can look up to during their maturing years. Instead, they have a daydreaming, failing salesman for a father, whose sole objective in life is to live the American Dream. He has also trained their mother to agree and comply with everything he says. The American Dream implies happiness and for Willy Loman that happiness is to die the death of a salesman. We have to wonder how the idea of death can bring happiness to someone’s life.

Luxury Brand Economy Effect Essay

Monaco is a small country, but well known all over the world. All over the world it is known as a place of luxury. Every year a lot of tourists visit Monaco to have a good vacation visiting casinos, luxury restaurants and off course to do a shopping in a most known, luxury brands. In Monaco you can find a lot of different luxury boutiques for every taste; you can find everything from luxury cars to a luxury clothes and accessories. During the course of Luxury audit services we study a lot about the services in luxury stores. So our goal was to divide into groups and to do an audit of few stores. Our group was a big enough for such a mission, so we were thinking how to do it in a better way. And once we got a good idea. According to the information we received during the seminar with Guillaume Rose, in Monaco there are a lot of Russian millionaires, and they are always â€Å"invited guests† in different places. So we decided to split our group on two smaller groups and to compare the experience received in Gucci store and in Celine which are situated in the heart of Monaco, near the Casino and Hotel de Paris. I will share with you the Russian experience. I asked my friend, she is from Russia, for some help in this mission. Our story was that we family couple came from Russia for my friend’s wedding and as we already bought a new skirt for my wife we need to buy a new bag, which must be one of the last collections. And the second part of our group was native French with two different scenarios in two stores. As we will see next we received a little bit different experiences. Gucci store audit Firstly we decided to audit one of the most famous brands in the world, Gucci. At 12. 00 we entered the store. Before entering the store, we noticed that the showcase was clean, with good lighting, but there were no goods exposed. Entering the store, I noticed that the main glass door was all in hand prints and it was just 12. 00. Going to the store and pretending a married couple, we were arguing about the fact that my wife has already a bunch of bags and for what reason she is looking for one new. Staff in the store noticed us at once and ran to the side waving their heads as a greeting. Only the guard who was near the enter greeted us in a very polite form. We were walking through the shop for 3 minutes and a half and it gives us a good opportunity to study the store. We noticed that the reception area was clean as it is required, but there were not enough light, it gives to the store a much groomed look. And also no music and even no fresh flowers in the store. After 3 minutes and a half we meat a sales person who greeted us and introduced himself as a David. He asked us a few open questions in order to know what we are looking for. After he listened our story he was interesting in our previous experience with Gucci brand. We pretend that we don’t know anything about Gucci. He told us some information about the brand about its uniqueness and heritage. After that David proposed a few bags, he explained the value of that model and brought all the colors for that model. Also he guaranteed that the model will be in a trend for the next few years. What was not really very good it’s a careless handling of the bag and he put them on one big heap. And what impressed me very much is that he even don’t show the inner part of the bag, on my opinion it is very important to know how it is inside the bah which you are going to buy for a big amount of money. As I was pretending a husband who is not really happy to buy a new bag, I asked about the discount, and I get an answer in very polite form that there is no discount at all in Gucci store in Monaco. My pretending wife was asking me to buy the bag she liked and I was strong on my opinion. So a after that dialogue with my wife he proposed to book the bag till the evening for the case if I will change my mind. This was very polite from his side. But he doesn’t accompany us to the door and didn’t offer to giva us a business card and to right down us into the customers database. Totally we spend in the store 26 minutes. So in conclusion I can say that the experience I have received together with my pretending wife was far different from the French experience of my group mates. Celine store audit. The second we decided to audit was the Celine also situated in the heart of Monaco. Our story was the same, we were looking for a bag which will be good to my â€Å"wife’s† new skirt which we have bought for a wedding we are invited here in Monaco. The showcase was very clean with good exposition of some goods. When we entered the store we noticed staff talking together near the cash machine, although all of them greeted us in their store. The area of the class was very clean , there were enough light, giving a good look to the goods represented in the store. After a minute and 20-30 seconds of waiting we meat a vendor, she was Russian so we were able to speak on our native language. It impressed me very much, so I was ready to buy everything in that store. She was asking a lot of open questions, to get more information about our needs and it was great, because after that she proposed a few models which were facing all our needs. She was very listening, so it helps her to understand our needs. She explained everything about the product, how to clean it and how to use it to leave it in a new condition. Of course she valued the model and showed a few others and different colors. She knows the material and the price for that bag without looking anywhere. But what upset me she didn’t spoke about the brand, because we don’t know anything about that brand, except that it is a luxury and expensive brand. As the bag we liked the most she proposed to book it till the next day midday, so that we can think about purchasing it. She remains courtesy even in the case of not buying that bag. She put our names in database and proposed her help for any other matters. She accompanies us to the door and wish a good day for us. We spend in that store 23 minutes and the felling was like we spend there almost an hour, the experience we received in the Celine store was great dispute of some moments. Conclusion As our group was divided for two smaller groups in order to compare different experiences. As Russian group visiting the Gucci store we received almost a great experience. Points to improve, I would recommend to put some products on a showcases, it is needed to clean the entry glass door and if there is such a need to clean it every hour. They need to put more lights in the store, because it was too dark. Some fresh flowers will do only a good role and some soft music will be very great. And of course some training course for the staff. Celine experience was really great and there is nothing to speak about. I wish them to continue in that way. The experience we received during these audits was one of the greatest. We were participating in the process not just as a customer’s but almost as professionals who can notice almost everything in the store. Thanks to Ozzy Monaco for a great course.

Introduction of Banking Sector - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 14 Words: 4322 Downloads: 2 Date added: 2017/09/16 Category Economics Essay Type Argumentative essay Tags: Economy Essay Globalization Essay Did you like this example? GENERAL INTRODUCTION ABOUT THE SECTOR The Indian economy is emerging as one of the strongest economy of the world with the GDP growth of more than 8% every year. This has given a great support for the development of banking industry in the country. Due to globalization, competition among the banks has drastically been increased. As India has a substantial upper and middle class income hence the banks have immense opportunities to increase their market shares. The consumer being on the receiving end is in the comfortable position but the banks trying to increase their market share have to continuously add value for consumers in order to increase market share and sustain their growth. BANKING SECTOR The banking sector is the most dominant sector of the financial system in India. Significant progress has been made with respect to the banking sector in the post liberalization period. The financial health of the commercial banks has improved manifolds with respect to capital ad equacy, profitability, and asset quality and risk management. Further, deregulation has opened new opportunities for banks to increase revenue by diversifying into investment banking, insurance, credit cards, depository services, mortgage, securitization, etc. Liberalization has created a more competitive environment in the banking sector INDUSTRY PROFILE a) ORIGIN AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE INDUSTRY The origin of banking in India is traceable in ancient time through the modern banking hardly 200 years old. The main function of bank is to accept deposits and grant loans. There is evidence of these functions being performed by a section of the community in the Vedic periods. There are many references of debt in the Vedic literature. During the Ramayana and Mahabharata areas banking, which was a side business during the Vedic period, become a fulltime business activity for the people. During the smriti period, which followed the Vedic period and the Epic age, bankers performed the f unction of the modern banks. The members of the Vaish community carried on the banking business and Manu speaks of earning through interest as the business of Vaishays. He accepted deposits from the public, granted loans against pledges and personal security, granted simple open loans, acted as bailee for his customers, subscribed to public loans by granting loans to kings, acted as treasurer and banker to the state and managed the currency of the country. Indigenous bankers used to maintain a regular system of accounts and borrowers used to sign the loan deeds. Banking in India originated in the last decades of the 18th century. The oldest bank in existence in India is the State Bank of India, a government-owned bank that traces its origins back to June 1806 and that is the largest commercial bank in the country. Central banking is the responsibility of the Reserve Bank of India, which in 1935 formally took over these responsibilities from the then Imperial Bank of India, rel egating it to commercial banking functions. After Indias independence in 1947, the Reserve Bank was nationalized and given broader powers. In 1969 the government nationalized the 14 largest commercial banks; the government nationalized the six next largest in 1980. Currently, India has 88 scheduled commercial banks (SCBs) 27 public sector banks (that is with the Government of India holding a stake), 31 private banks (these do not have government stake; they may be publicly listed and traded on stock exchanges) and 38 foreign banks. They have a combined network of over 53,000 branches and 17,000 ATMs. According to a report by ICRA Limited, a rating agency, the public sector banks hold over 75 per cent of total assets of the banking industry, with the private and foreign banks holding 18. 2% and 6. 5% respectively. Early history Banking in India originated in the last decades of the 18th century. The first banks were The General Bank of India, which started in 1786, and the Ban k of Hindustan, both of which are now defunct. The oldest bank in existence in India is the State Bank of India, which originated in the Bank of Calcutta in June 1806, which almost immediately became the Bank of Bengal. This was one of the three presidency banks, the other two being the Bank of Bombay and the Bank of Madras, all three of which were established under charters from the British East India Company. For many years the Presidency banks acted as quasi-central banks, as did their successors. The three banks merged in 1925 to form the Imperial Bank of India, which, upon Indias independence, became the State Bank of India. Indian merchants in Calcutta established the Union Bank in 1839, but it failed in 1848 as a consequence of the economic crisis of 1848-49. The Allahabad Bank, established in 1865 and still functioning today, is the oldest Joint Stock bank in India. It was not the first though. That honour belongs to the Bank of Upper India, which was established in 18 63, and which survived until 1913, when it failed, with some of its assets and liabilities being transferred to the Alliance Bank of Shimla. When the American Civil War stopped the supply of cotton to Lancashire from the Confederate States, promoters opened banks to finance trading in Indian cotton. With large exposure to speculative ventures, most of the banks opened in India during that period failed. The depositors lost money and lost interest in keeping deposits with banks. Subsequently, banking in India remained the exclusive domain of Europeans for next several decades until the beginning of the 20th century. Foreign banks too started to arrive, particularly in Calcutta, in the 1860s. The Comptoire dEscompte de Paris opened a branch in Calcutta in 1860, and another in Bombay in 1862; branches in Madras and Pondicherry, then a French colony, followed. HSBC established itself in Bengal in 1869. Calcutta was the most active trading port in India, mainly due to the trade of the British Empire, and so became a banking center. [pic] The Bank of Bengal, which later became the State Bank of India. The first entirely Indian joint stock bank was the Oudh Commercial Bank, established in 1881 in Faizabad. It failed in 1958. The next was the Punjab National Bank, established in Lahore in 1895, which has survived to the present and is now one of the largest banks in India. Around the turn of the 20th Century, the Indian economy was passing through a relative period of stability. Around five decades had elapsed since the Indian Mutiny, and the social, industrial and other infrastructure had improved. Indians had established small banks, most of which served particular ethnic and religious communities. The presidency banks dominated banking in India but there were also some exchange banks and a number of Indian joint stock banks. All these banks operated in different segments of the economy. The exchange banks, mostly owned by Europeans, concentrated on financi ng foreign trade. Indian joint stock banks were generally undercapitalized and lacked the experience and maturity to compete with the presidency and exchange banks. This segmentation let Lord Curzon to observe, In respect of banking it seems we are behind the times. We are like some old fashioned sailing ship, divided by solid wooden bulkheads into separate and cumbersome compartments. The period between 1906 and 1911, saw the establishment of banks inspired by the Swadeshi movement. The Swadeshi movement inspired local businessmen and political figures to found banks of and for the Indian community. A number of banks established then have survived to the present such as Bank of India, Corporation Bank, Indian Bank, Bank of Baroda, Canara Bank and Central Bank of India. The fervour of Swadeshi movement lead to establishing of many private banks in Dakshina Kannada and Udupi district which were unified earlier and known by the name South Canara ( South Kanara ) district. Four nationalised banks started in this district and also a leading private sector bank. Hence undivided Dakshina Kannada district is known as Cradle of Indian Banking. From World War I to Independence The period during the First World War (1914-1918) through the end of the Second World War (1939-1945), and two years thereafter until the independence of India were challenging for Indian banking. The years of the First World War were turbulent, and it took its toll with banks simply collapsing despite the Indian economy gaining indirect boost due to war-related economic activities. At least 94 banks in India failed between 1913 and 1918 as indicated in the following table: |Years |Number of banks |Authorised capital |Paid-up Capital | | |that failed |(Rs. Lakhs) |(Rs. Lakhs) | |1913 |12 |274 |35 | |1914 |42 |710 |109 | |1915 |11 |56 |5 | |1916 |13 |231 |4 | |1917 |9 |76 |25 | |1918 |7 |209 |1 | Post-independence The partition of India in 1947 adversely impacted the economies of P unjab and West Bengal, paralyzing banking activities for months. Indias independence marked the end of a regime of the Laissez-faire for the Indian banking. The Government of India initiated measures to play an active role in the economic life of the nation, and the Industrial Policy Resolution adopted by the government in 1948 envisaged a mixed economy. This resulted into greater involvement of the state in different segments of the economy including banking and finance. The major steps to regulate banking included: †¢ In 1948, the Reserve Bank of India, Indias central banking authority, was nationalized, and it became an institution owned by the Government of India. †¢ In 1949, the Banking Regulation Act was enacted which empowered the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) to regulate, control, and inspect the banks in India. †¢ The Banking Regulation Act also provided that no new bank or branch of an existing bank could be opened without a license from the RBI, and no tw o banks could have common directors. However, despite these provisions, control and regulations, banks in India except the State Bank of India, continued to be owned and operated by private persons. This changed with the nationalisation of major banks in India on 19 July, 1969. Nationalisation By the 1960s, the Indian banking industry has become an important tool to facilitate the development of the Indian economy. At the same time, it has emerged as a large employer, and a debate has ensued about the possibility to nationalise the banking industry. Indira Gandhi, the-then Prime Minister of India expressed the intention of the GOI in the annual conference of the All India Congress Meeting in a paper entitled Stray thoughts on Bank Nationalisation. The paper was received with positive enthusiasm. Thereafter, her move was swift and sudden, and the GOI issued an ordinance and nationalised the 14 largest commercial banks with effect from the midnight of July 19, 1969. Jayaprakash Narayan, a national leader of India, described the step as a masterstroke of political sagacity. Within two weeks of the issue of the ordinance, the Parliament passed the Banking Companies (Acquisition and Transfer of Undertaking) Bill, and it received the presidential approval on 9 August, 1969. A second dose of nationalization of 6 more commercial banks followed in 1980. The stated reason for the nationalization was to give the government more control of credit delivery. With the second dose of nationalization, the GOI controlled around 91% of the banking business of India. Later on, in the year 1993, the government merged New Bank of India with Punjab National Bank. It was the only merger between nationalized banks and resulted in the reduction of the number of nationalised banks from 20 to 19. After this, until the 1990s, the nationalised banks grew at a pace of around 4%, closer to the average growth rate of the Indian economy. The nationalised banks were credited by some, including Home minister P. Chidambaram, to have helped the Indian economy withstand the global financial crisis of 2007-2009. Liberalisation In the early 1990s, the then Narsimha Rao government embarked on a policy of liberalization, licensing a small number of private banks. These came to be known as New Generation tech-savvy banks, and included Global Trust Bank (the first of such new generation banks to be set up), which later amalgamated with Oriental Bank of Commerce, Axis Bank(earlier as UTI Bank), ICICI Bank and HDFC Bank. This move, along with the rapid growth in the economy of India, revitalized the banking sector in India, which has seen rapid growth with strong contribution from all the three sectors of banks, namely, government banks, private banks and foreign banks. The next stage for the Indian banking has been setup with the proposed relaxation in the norms for Foreign Direct Investment, where all Foreign Investors in banks may be given voting rights which could exceed the present cap of 10%, at present it has gone up to 49% with some restrictions. The new policy shook the Banking sector in India completely. Bankers, till this time, were used to the 4-6-4 method (Borrow at 4%; Lend at 6%; Go home at 4) of functioning. The new wave ushered in a modern outlook and tech-savvy methods of working for traditional banks. All this led to the retail boom in India. People not just demanded more from their banks but also received more. Currently, banking in India is generally fairly mature in terms of supply, product range and reach-even though reach in rural India still remains a challenge for the private sector and foreign banks. In terms of quality of assets and capital adequacy, Indian banks are considered to have clean, strong and transparent balance sheets relative to other banks in comparable economies in its region. The Reserve Bank of India is an autonomous body, with minimal pressure from the government. The stated policy of the Bank on the Indian Rupee is to manage volatility but without any fixed exchange rate-and this has mostly been true. With the growth in the Indian economy expected to be strong for quite some time-especially in its services sector-the demand for banking services, especially retail banking, mortgages and investment services are expected to be strong. One may also expect MAs, takeovers, and asset sales. In March 2006, the Reserve Bank of India allowed Warburg Pincus to increase its stake in Kotak Mahindra Bank (a private sector bank) to 10%. This is the first time an investor has been allowed to hold more than 5% in a private sector bank since the RBI announced norms in 2005 that any stake exceeding 5% in the private sector banks would need to be vetted by them. In recent years critics have charged that the non-government owned banks are too aggressive in their loan recovery efforts in connection with housing, vehicle and personal loans. There are press reports that the banks loan rec overy efforts have driven defaulting borrowers to suicide. BANKING SYSTEM The oxford dictionary defines the bank as â€Å"an establishment for the custody of money, which it pays out, on a customers’ order. † A banking company in India has been defined in the banking companies Act 1949, as â€Å"one which transacts the business of banking which means the accepting, for the purpose of lending or investment of deposits of money from the public, repayable on demand or otherwise and withdrawals by cheque, draft, order or otherwise. The banking system in an integral sub-system of the financial system. It represents an important channel of collecting small savings from the households and lending it to the corporate sector. The Indian Banking system has the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) as the apex body for all matters relating to the banking system. It is the’ central bank’ of India. It is the banker to all other banks. Classification of banks: 1. Non-scheduled Banks: These are banks, which are not included in the Second schedule of the Banking Regulation Act, 1965. It means they do not satisfy the conditions laid down by that schedule. They are further classified as follows: *Central Co-operative Banks and Primary Credit Societies. *Commercial Banks. 2. Scheduled Banks: Scheduled Banks are banks, which are included in the second schedule of the Banking Regulation Act, 1965. According to this schedule a scheduled bank: Must have paid-up capital and reserve of not less than Rs. 5,00,000; Must also satisfy the RBI that its affairs are not conducted in a manner detrimental to the interests of its depositors. Scheduled banks are sub-divided as: *State – cooperative banks. *Commercial banks. State – cooperative banks: These are Co-operatives owned and managed by the state. Commercial banks: These are business entities whose main business is accepting deposits and extending loans. Their main objective is profit maximizat ion and adding shareholder value. These are further sub-divided as: *Indian Banks: These banks are companies registered in India under the Companies Act. Their place of origin is in India. These are also sub-divided as: State Bank of India and its Subsidiaries: This group comprises of the State Bank of India (SBI) and its seven subsidiaries viz. , State Bank of Patiala, State Bank of Hyderabad, State Bank of Travancore, State Bank of Bikaner and Jaipur, State Bank of Mysore, State Bank of Saurastra, State Bank of Indore. Other Nationalized Banks: This group consists of private sector banks that were nationalized. The Government of India Nationalized 14 private banks in 1969 and another 6 in the year 1980. Regional Rural Banks: These were established by the RBI in the year 1975 of Banking Commission. It was established to operate exclusively in rural areas to provide credit and other facilities. Old Private Sector Banks: This group consists of banks that were established by th e privy states, community organizations or by a group of professional for the cause of economic betterment in their area of operations. Initially their operations were concentrated in a few regional areas. New Private Sector Banks: These banks were started as profit oriented companies after the RBI opened the banking sector to the private sector. These banks are mostly technology driven and better managed than other banks. Foreign Banks: These are banks that were registered outside India and had originated in a foreign country. Retail Banking According to investopedia. com, retail banking is typical mass-market banking where individual customers use local branches of larger commercial banks. Services offered include: savings and checking accounts, mortgages, personal loans, debit cards, credit cards, and so forth. Types Of Retail Banks 1. Private bank Private Banks is a bank that is not incorporated. Either an individual or a general partner(s) with limited partner(s) owns a non- incorporated bank. In any such case, the creditors can look to both the entirety of [the banks] assets as well as the entirety of the sole- proprietors/general-partners assets. These banks have a long tradition in Switzerland, dating back to at least the revocation of the Edict of Nantes (1685). 2. Commercial banking A commercial bank is a type of financial intermediary and a type of bank. Commercial bank has two possible meanings: Commercial bank is the term used for a normal bank to distinguish it from an investment bank. This is what people normally call a bank. The term commercial was used to distinguish it from an investment bank. Since the two types of banks no longer have to be separate companies, some have used the term commercial bank to refer to banks which focus mainly on companies. In some English-speaking countries outside North America, the term trading bank was and is used to denote a commercial bank. It raises funds by collecting deposits from businesses and co nsumers via checkable deposits, savings deposits, and time (or term) deposits. It makes loans to businesses and consumers. It also buys corporate bonds and government bonds. Its primary liabilities are deposits and primary assets are loans and bonds. Detailed information on banks sectoral exposure of credit reveals that over two-thirds of the credits flow has been on account of retail, housing and other priority sector loans. Banks credit flow exposure to large Enterprises continues to remain buoyant with recent indications that credit to agriculture and Micro credit has also picked up. The Investment Banking and Markets division brings together the advisory and financing, equity securities, asset management, treasury and capital markets, and private equity activities of the Group to complete the CIBM structure and provide a complete range of financial products to our clients. Increasingly, ECA financing is being considered by customers and we work closely with our project exp ort finance teams, both onshore and offshore, to provide structured solutions. Growth And Present Status Of The Industry Commercial banking can also refer to a bank or a division of a bank that mostly deals with deposits and loans from corporations or large businesses, as opposed to normal individual members of the public (retail banking). as in the Indian banking.. The most prominent on our minds in the context of banking these days, perhaps, are the implications arising out of the Basel II accord. Banks, as we all know, are subjected to more intense regulation as compared to the non-financial firms. This is probably because the banks possess certain special characteristics: Banks are much more leveraged than the other firms due to their capacity to garner public deposits. The asset liability structure of the banks is also different from not only the non-financial firms but also the financial firms. To illustrate, the risk in an insurance company arises mainly from the liabi lity side of the balance sheet in the form of insurance claims whereas for the bank the risk mainly comes from the diminution of asset values (for example, illiquid loans that are not fully recoverable). The deposits which constitute a major part of the liability of banks are repayable on demand, unsecured and their principal amount does not change in value whereas the loans of a bank are illiquid and there can be erosion in the value of loans or of other assets. The liquidity transformation by an insurance company is in the reverse direction as compared to a bank. The balance-sheet structure of an insurance company is the least likely to give rise to systemic risk, whereas banks due to their typical asset liability mismatches i. e. long term assets funded by short term liabilities, may be prone to ‘run’ and pose a very high degree of potential systemic risk. The resolution costs of systemic bank insolvencies and significant problems can be substantial weighted diffe rently. Basel I proposals forced the banks to look at credit risk and regulatory capital more closely than they had done earlier. As banks found ways to arbitrage regulatory capital, some of the provisions of Basel I became less relevant. Simultaneously, banks in the G-10 countries developed newer approaches to manage credit risk by building portfolio models for pricing, provisioning and allocating economic capital for the credit portfolios. These developments made the weaknesses in the Basel I framework more apparent and this set the stage for the creation of International Convergence of Capital Measurement and Capital Standards: A Revised Framework, popularly known as Basel II. The Basel Committee on Banking Supervision has observed that the fundamental objective in revising the 1988 Accord has been, and I quote, to develop a framework that would further strengthen the soundness and stability of the international banking system while maintaining sufficient consistency that c apital adequacy regulation will not be a significant source of competitive inequality among internationally active banks. The (Basel) Committee believes that the revised Framework will promote the adoption of stronger risk management practices by the banking industry, and views this as one of its major benefits. Future Of The Industry Reflecting on future prospects in banking, immediate focus has to be on the cleaning up of the remnants of undercapitalized banks, while concentrating on improvements in the rural co-operative credit system. It is also necessary to ensure improvements in their governance and financial management. In the banking system as a whole, a healthy credit culture encompassing appropriate pricing, quality of service, financial inclusion and contract enforcement would be vital. The Reserve Bank of India has, in the service of our country, a proven track record and professionalism, which have lent it considerable credibility – both domestically and gl obally. This credibility enables the RBI to confidently carry the reforms forward to credibly maintain price and financial stability, while enabling self-accelerating equitable growth at elevated levels. The Indian financial sector is ready for consolidation, said 95 per cent of the respondents. Given the increased competition, and the implementation of Basel II norms in the near future, the banking industry of the country would be better off with six to seven banks as big as State Bank of India, said the survey. However, voluntary mergers are better than forced ones. A majority of the public sector banks also demanded more autonomy to fix salary levels proportionate to performance. In order to improve employee productivity it is essential to offer competitive compensation packages at all levels, the survey said. About 92 per cent of the public sector banks respondents voiced that they do not have sufficient autonomy to offer attractive incentive packages to employees to ensur e commitment levels. Some banks also said that in one-years’ time, banks should be permitted to issue preference shares. According to the survey, some of the strengths of the banking industry are regulatory systems, economic growth, technological advancement, risk assessment systems and credit quality. Areas that need improvement include diversification of markets beyond big cities, human resources systems, size of banks, high transaction costs, infrastructure and labour inflexibilities. As per the survey some strategies that can help India achieve a world class banking system are consolidation, strict corporate governance norms, regional expansion within the country and outside, higher FDI limits and Free Trade Agreements with countries where India has comparative advantage in banking sector. Availability and reach of quality products is confined to just big cities. Thus it is essential now to expand the gamut of banking services both within India as well as outside, the survey said. However, banks in India are yet to effectively leverage technology. ICICI Bank has been acknowledged to be among the first to explore new mediums like Internet. India has among the lowest penetration of retail loans in Asia. Though the sector has been growing at around 15 per cent, there is still a huge opportunity to tap into. Interest rates on retail loans have been dropping rapidly too. For instance residential mortgages slumped by 7 per cent over the last four years. The entry of a number of banks in India in the last few years has helped provide increased coverage and a number of new products in the market, says Kamath. Banking sector today is estimated to be at Rs 17 trillion and total deposits are estimated at Rs 13 trillion. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Introduction of Banking Sector" essay for you Create order